Mahasthangarh is one of the oldest archaeological sites in Bangladesh and South Asia, dating back over 2,300 years. Situated in Bogura district along the banks of the Karatoya River, this ancient citadel was once the thriving capital of the Pundra Kingdom during the Mauryan and Gupta periods.
The fortified city covers approximately 2.5 square kilometers and is surrounded by massive ramparts and moats, showcasing advanced urban planning and defense systems of early Bengal. Excavations at Mahasthangarh have revealed evidence of palaces, temples, gates, and residential areas that paint a vivid picture of life in ancient times.
Historical records and archaeological findings show that Mahasthangarh was a significant administrative, economic, and cultural center. It served as a hub for trade routes connecting Bengal with other parts of South Asia. Artifacts such as coins, pottery, inscriptions, and sculptures found on site provide crucial insights into the socio-political and religious life of the region.
Although much of the city lies buried beneath layers of sediment due to river course changes and centuries of habitation, Mahasthangarh remains a testament to Bengal's rich heritage. It reflects the region’s role in early urbanization, governance, and culture, making it a crucial site for understanding South Asian history.
Today, Mahasthangarh is a protected archaeological site under the Department of Archaeology of Bangladesh, drawing researchers and visitors eager to explore the roots of Bengal’s ancient civilization.
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